Populus deltoides is the scientific name for eastern cottonwood, a tree species native to North America. Cottonwoods grow in riparian areas and prefer open canopies and high moisture availability. Cottonwoods are a pioneer species and are able to populate barren riverbanks with other riparian species like willow trees. When a cottonwood tree grows alongside a river its roots add structure to the banks. Roots hold soil in place and prevent erosion. This creates a stable habitat for wildlife, because water sources are maintained rather than shifting, as they would through erosion processes without added soil stabilization. When rivers flow over the ground new nutrients are deposited and the area is leveled, providing more habitats for cottonwood seeds to grow.